02028nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245007600055210006900131260001600200520142000216100001901636700002601655700001801681700002301699700002601722856011001748       2022                        eng d  a1606-974900aWater-food-energy nexus for transboundary cooperation in Eastern Africa0 aWaterfoodenergy nexus for transboundary cooperation in Eastern A  cMar-01-20223 aEstablishing cooperation in transboundary rivers is challenging especially with the weak or non-existent river basin institutions. A nexus-based approach is developed to explore cooperation opportunities in transboundary river basins while considering system operation and coordination under uncertain hydrologic river regimes. The proposed approach is applied to the Nile river basin with a special focus on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), assuming two possible governance positions: with or without cooperation. A cooperation mechanism is developed to allocate additional releases from the GERD when necessary, while a unilateral position assumes that the GERD is operated to maximize hydropower generation regardless of downstream users' needs. The GERD operation modes were analysed considering operation of downstream reservoirs and varying demands in Egypt. Results show that average basin-wide hydropower generation is likely to increase by about 547 GWh/year (1%) if cooperation is adopted when compared to the unilateral position. In Sudan, hydropower generation and water supply are expected to enhance in the unilateral position and would improve further with cooperation. Furthermore, elevated low flows by the GERD are likely to improve the WFE nexus outcomes in Egypt under full cooperation governance scenario with a small reduction in GERD hydropower generation (2,000 GWh/year (19%)).
1 aElsayed, Hamdy1 aDjordjević, Slobodan1 aSavic, Dragan1 aTsoukalas, Ioannis1 aMakropoulos, Christos  uhttps://iwaponline.com/ws/article/doi/10.2166/ws.2022.001/86211/Water-food-energy-nexus-for-transboundary02741nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245010300055210006900158260001600227300001300243490000800256520202700264100001902291700002602310700002302336700002302359700002602382856013902408       2020                        eng d  a0733-949600aThe Nile Water-Food-Energy Nexus under Uncertainty: Impacts of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam0 aNile WaterFoodEnergy Nexus under Uncertainty Impacts of the Gran  cJan-11-2020  a040200850 v1463 a<p>Achieving a water, food, and energy (WFE) nexus balance through policy interventions is challenging in a transboundary river basin because of the dynamic nature and intersectoral complexity that may cross borders. The Nile basin is shared by a number of riparian countries and is currently experiencing rapid population and economic growth. This has sparked new developments to meet the growing water, food, and energy demands, alleviate poverty, and improve the livelihood in the basin. Such developments could result in basinwide cooperation or trigger conflicts among the riparian countries. A system dynamics model was developed for the entire Nile basin and integrated with the food and energy sectors in Egypt to investigate the future of the WFE nexus with and without the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) during filling and subsequent operation using basinwide stochastically generated flows. Different filling rates from 10% to 100% of the average monthly flow are considered during the filling process. Results suggest that the GERD filling and operation would affect the WFE nexus in Egypt, with the impact likely to be significant if the filling process occurred during a dry period. Food production from irrigated agriculture would be reduced by 9%&ndash;19% during filling and by about 4% during GERD operation compared with the case without it. The irrigation water supply and hydropower generation in Sudan will be reduced during the filling phase of the GERD, but this is expected to be improved during the dam operation phase as a result of the regulation afforded by the GERD. Ethiopian hydropower generation is expected to be boosted by the GERD during the filling and operation of the dam, adding an average of 15,000&thinsp;&thinsp;GWh/year15,000&thinsp;&thinsp;GWh/year once GERD comes online. Lastly, the results reveal the urgency of cooperation and coordination among the riparian countries to minimize the regional risks and maximize the regional rewards associated with the GERD.</p>
1 aElsayed, Hamdy1 aDjordjević, Slobodan1 aSavić, Dragan, A.1 aTsoukalas, Ioannis1 aMakropoulos, Christos  uhttp://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29WR.1943-5452.0001285http://ascelibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.1061/%28ASCE%29WR.1943-5452.000128502293nas a2200169   4500008004100000245013100041210006900172260001600241300001100257490000700268520152300275100002001798700002801818700003001846700002401876856022301900       2019                        eng d00aLand Use Guidelines to Maintain Habitat Diversity of Wood- Pastures in the Southern Carpathians Under Projected Climate Change0 aLand Use Guidelines to Maintain Habitat Diversity of Wood Pastur  cOct-09-2019  a1 - 240 v743 a<p>The biodiversity of wood-pastures depends on a balance between human interference and natural vegetation succession, which however is undergoing changes driven by socio-economic factors and climate change. Widely spread throughout Europe, wood-pastures were subject to either intensification or abandonment, leading to habitat segregation and loss. This is currently the fate of large Romanian remnant woodpastures and climate warming further complicates management adaptation.<br />
In a series of simulation experiments, we compared the long-term effects of different land use and climate change scenarios on the habitat diversity of a wood-pasture in the Southern Carpathians (Fundata village, Romania). We tested livestock densities according to management guidelines, complemented with shrub-cutting in order to maintain a structurally-diverse landscape with high habitat values in the light of climate change. We found that significant losses of open pastureland and inclusion into forest, as well as landscape structural simplification and loss of complex habitats can be expected from climate warming, with more severe consequences in a hotter climate perspective. We arguefor the re-establishment of the traditional multi-use of wood-pastures at optimum livestock densities in combination with low-intensity shrubcutting, because our study demonstrated that traditional practices offer a balanced compromise between agricultural use and maintaining habitat mosaics that are robust to climate change.</p>
1 aStoicescu, Iona1 aPătru-Stupariu, Ileana1 aHossu, Constantina, Alina1 aPeringer, Alexander  uhttps://www.landscape-online.org/index.php/lo/article/view/LO.201974https://www.landscape-online.org/index.php/lo/article/download/LO.201974/87https://www.landscape-online.org/index.php/lo/article/download/LO.201974/8702910nas a2200145   4500008004100000245008300041210006900124260001200193300001000205490000700215520246300222100001602685700002702701856003602728       2019                        eng d00aLinking Spatial and Temporal Modeling: A Case Study from the Eastern Pamir, TJ0 aLinking Spatial and Temporal Modeling A Case Study from the East  c10/2019  a29-410 v153 a<p>The Eastern Pamir of Tajikistan is a remote high mountain region located in the east of Tajikistan. Today, a great share of the Eastern Pamir&rsquo;s local energy demand is satisfied by dwarf shrubs (Krascheninnikovia ceratoides and Artemisia spp.) and animal manure. Besides of their energetic potential, dwarf shrubs are an important nutrient source for local livestock. It is assumed that overuse of local dwarf shrub stands leads to a degradation of pastures. With decreasing pasture quality, potentially, less livestock can be kept by locals. Besides of the economic losses associated with a decrease in livestock numbers, yields of manure also decline. In order to compensate the missing manure yields, locals may harvest even more dwarf shrubs. Thus, potentially a self-reinforcing functional chain exists in this system. BRECKLE AND WUCHERER (2006) refer to the degradation of pasturelands due to excessive dwarf shrub harvest in the Pamir Mountains as teresken syndrome. In a field study, we identified typical current energy carrier usage patterns in the village of Alichur, the second largest settlement in the Eastern Pamir. We then used a System Dynamics and Geographical Information Systems combining hybrid approach to analyze the energy system of Alichur and we modeled two scenarios of the system: one pessimistic in terms of dwarf shrub growth and one optimistic. Both scenarios show that in the short to medium term a collapse of the energy system of Alichur is unlikely to happen. The optimistic scenario indicates that resource consumption currently is sustainable in terms of pasture quality and dwarf shrub balance. The assumed self-reinforcing functional chain could not be confirmed. After all, the model provides strong indications that the teresken syndrome does not apply for Alichur. In addition to these findings, the case study shows, that combining SD and GIS in one model, allows for a conceptual understanding of the modeled system (mainly SD part), mass-balance simulations (SD and GIS parts) and visualization of model results (GIS part). Thereby, in addition to the case study results, this work demonstrates that System Dynamics and Geographical Information Systems combining hybrid approaches are a powerful tool for case study analysis, model simulation and result presentation. The approach is able to clarify structural assumption on the regional Social-Ecological-System and to support management decision.</p>
1 aHohberg, G.1 aRaumer, H., G. Schwarz  u//www.simulistics.com/node/439600630nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001300041245014500054210006900199260001600268300001400284490000800298100002200306700002200328700002100350700002100371700002000392856003600412       2019                        eng d  a0959652600aMussels or tunicates: That is the question. Evaluating efficient and sustainable resource use by low-trophic species in aquaculture settings0 aMussels or tunicates That is the question Evaluating efficient a  cJan-09-2019  a132 - 1430 v2311 aFilgueira, Ramón1 aStrople, Leah, C.1 aStrohmeier, Tore1 aRastrick, Samuel1 aStrand, Øivind  u//www.simulistics.com/node/439000937nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245014800055210006900203260001600272300001600288490000800304100002200312700002200334700002300356700001900379700002200398700002900420700002300449856025900472       2018                        eng d  a0378-190900aThe effect of environmental conditions on Atlantic salmon smolts’ (Salmo salar) bioenergetic requirements and migration through an inland sea0 aeffect of environmental conditions on Atlantic salmon smolts Sal  cJan-10-2018  a1467 - 14820 v1011 aStrople, Leah, C.1 aFilgueira, Ramón1 aHatcher, Bruce, G.1 aDenny, Shelley1 aBordeleau, Xavier1 aWhoriskey, Frederick, G.1 aCrossin, Glenn, T.  uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10641-018-0792-5http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10641-018-0792-5.pdfhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10641-018-0792-5/fulltext.htmlhttp://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10641-018-0792-5.pdf02755nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001300041245010700054210006900161260001600230300001200246490000800258520218000266100002802446700002002474700002402494856006702518       2018                        eng d  a0304380000aIntermediate foraging large herbivores maintain semi-open habitats in wilderness landscape simulations0 aIntermediate foraging large herbivores maintain semiopen habitat  cJan-07-2018  a10 - 210 v3793 a<p>In the context of the rewilding Europe debate, the German national strategy on biodiversity aims to dedicate two percent of the German state area to wilderness development until 2020. Many of these potential large wilderness reserves harbor open habitats that require protection according to the Flora-Fauna-Habitat-directive of the European Union. As forests prevail in potential natural vegetation, research is required, to which extent wild large herbivores and natural disturbances may create semi-open landscape patterns in the long-term. We used the spatially explicit process-based model of pasture-woodland ecosystem dynamics WoodPaM, to analyze the long-term interactions between intermediate foraging large wild herbivores and vegetation dynamics in edaphically heterogeneous forest-grassland mosaic landscapes. We newly implemented a routine for intermediate foraging herbivores. We determined herbivore impact on vegetation from the quantitative balance between the demand and supply of herbaceous forage and woody browse. In abstract landscapes that represent the conditions in the established German wilderness area &quot;D&ouml;beritzer Heide&quot;, we simulated potential future landscape dynamics on open land, in forest and along forest edges with and without intermediate foraging large herbivores and for a climate change scenario. In our simulations the currently open landscape was conserved and even more the opening of current oak and beech forest was promoted. Canopy thinning and patch-mosaics of oak, birch, poplar and pine stands increased the overall nature conservation value in the long-term. To the contrary, open habitats were lost in simulations without herbivores. Moreover, our simulations suggested that intermediate foraging herbivores are especially suitable to maintain semi-open landscapes in wilderness areas, because (i) no additional winter forage was required, the natural availability of browse was sufficient. (ii) Their grazing maintained open land and their browsing thinned tree canopies even on poor sites that were unattractive for foraging. Here, habitat was maintained for threatened species from dry grasslands.</p>
1 aSchulze, Kiowa, Alraune1 aRosenthal, Gert1 aPeringer, Alexander  uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S030438001830113302843nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001300041245010100054210006900155260001600224300001400240490000800254520196400262100001902226700002402245700002602269700002802295700002302323700002002346700002602366856023302392       2018                        eng d  a0048969700aShifts in wind energy potential following land-use driven vegetation dynamics in complex terrain0 aShifts in wind energy potential following landuse driven vegetat  cJan-10-2018  a374 - 3840 v6393 a<p>Many mountainous regions with high wind energy potential are characterized by multi-scale variabilities of vegetation in both spatial and time dimensions, which strongly affect the spatial distribution of wind resource and its time evolution. To this end, we developed a coupled interdisciplinary modeling framework capable of assessing the shifts in wind energy potential following land-use driven vegetation dynamics in complex mountain terrain. It was applied to a case study area in the Romanian Carpathians. The results show that the overall shifts in wind energy potential following the changes of vegetation pattern due to different land-use policies can be dramatic. This suggests that the planning of wind energy project should be integrated with the land-use planning at a specific site to ensure that the expected energy production of the planned wind farm can be reached over its entire lifetime. Moreover, the changes in the spatial distribution of wind and turbulence under different scenarios of land-use are complex, and they must be taken into account in the micro-siting of wind turbines to maximize wind energy production and minimize fatigue loads (and associated maintenance costs). The proposed new modeling framework offers, for the first time, a powerful tool for assessing long-term variability in local wind energy potential that emerges from land-use change driven vegetation dynamics over complex terrain. Following a previously unexplored pathway of cause-effect relationships, it demonstrates a new linkage of agro- and forest policies in landscape development with an ultimate trade-off between renewable energy production and biodiversity targets. Moreover, it can be extended to study the potential effects of micro-climatic changes associated with wind farms on vegetation development (growth and patterning), which could in turn have a long-term feedback effect on wind resource distribution in mountainous regions.</p>
1 aFang, Jiannong1 aPeringer, Alexander1 aStupariu, Mihai-Sorin1 aPătru-Stupariu, Ileana1 aButtler, Alexandre1 aGolay, Francois1 aPorté-Agel, Fernando  uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969718317182https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0048969718317182?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0048969718317182?httpAccept=text/plain02835nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001300041245010400054210006900158260001600227300001400243490000800257520195300265100002402218700002302242700002202265700002802287700002302315700002602338700002002364856023302384       2017                        eng d  a0304380000aDisturbance-grazer-vegetation interactions maintain habitat diversity in mountain pasture-woodlands0 aDisturbancegrazervegetation interactions maintain habitat divers  cJan-09-2017  a301 - 3100 v3593 a<p>Low-intensity livestock grazing is a widespread management tool in order to maintain habitat diversity in mountain pasture-woodlands for nature conservation purposes. Historical photographs indicate that forest disturbance significantly contributed to forest-grassland mosaic pattern formation. Disturbance-grazer interactions are however poorly understood and the effects of logging or windthrow are rarely considered in management plans. Moreover, disturbance-grazer interactions are crucial for the maintenance of open habitats in the upcoming &ldquo;rewilding&rdquo; approach of nature conservation. We aimed to understand the effects of forest gap creation by the breakdown of senile trees or by single-tree cutting and of large forest openings by windthrow or logging on mosaic pattern formation in pasture-woodlands that were grazed by cattle and dominated by tree species with distinct regeneration ecology (Picea abies vs. Fagus sylvatica). We used the process-based model of pasture-woodland vegetation dynamics WoodPaM and newly implemented a forest disturbance routine. We simulated disturbance and grazing scenarios in an artificial mountain landscape and analyzed mosaic patterns with landscape metrics. We found that grazing in absence of disturbance promoted simply structured mosaics that were preconditioned by topography. Only large-scale forest disturbance disrupted this pattern and maintained the historical heterogeneous distribution of grassland communities across all habitat conditions (especially species-rich mountain grasslands on poor soil). This prerequisite is stronger in pasture-woodlands where the ecology of the dominant tree species promotes forest-grassland segregation (F. sylvatica in our case) and less in naturally thin-canopy mountain forest close to the tree line (P. abies). In wilderness areas, the very low density of grazers may limit the maintenance of open habitats regardless disturbance.</p>
1 aPeringer, Alexander1 aButtler, Alexandre1 aGillet, François1 aPătru-Stupariu, Ileana1 aSchulze, Kiowa, A.1 aStupariu, Mihai-Sorin1 aRosenthal, Gert  uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S030438001730100Xhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S030438001730100X?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S030438001730100X?httpAccept=text/plain01701nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001300041245008100054210006900135260001600204300001400220490000700234520098900241100002301230700002201253700002301275856023301298       2017                        eng d  a1364815200aAn integrated model to evaluate water-energy-food nexus at a household scale0 aintegrated model to evaluate waterenergyfood nexus at a househol  cJan-07-2017  a366 - 3800 v933 a<p>To achieve a sustainable supply and effectively manage water, energy and food (WEF) demand, interactions between WEF need to be understood. This study developed an integrated model, capturing the interactions between WEF at end-use level at a household scale. The model is based on a survey of 419 households conducted to investigate WEF over winter and summer for the city of Duhok, Iraq. A bottom-up approach was used to develop this system dynamics-based model. The model estimates WEF demand and the generated organic waste and wastewater quantities. It also investigates the impact of change in user behaviour, diet, income, family size and climate.</p>

<p>The simulation results show a good agreement with the historical data. Using the model, the impact of Global Scenario Group (GSG) scenarios was investigated. The results suggest that the &lsquo;fortress world&rsquo; scenario (an authoritarian response to the threat of breakdown) had the highest impact on WEF.</p>
1 aHussien, Wa'el, A.1 aMemon, Fayyaz, A.1 aSavić, Dragan, A.  uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364815216306594https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1364815216306594?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1364815216306594?httpAccept=text/plain01967nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001300041245007200054210006900126260001600195300001200211490000700223520128000230100001901510700001901529700001601548856023301564       2017                        eng d  a1364815200aModular and spatially explicit: A novel approach to system dynamics0 aModular and spatially explicit A novel approach to system dynami  cJan-08-2017  a48 - 620 v943 a<p>The Open Modeling Environment (OME) is an&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/open-source-system" title="Learn more about Open Source System from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages">open-source System</a>&nbsp;Dynamics (SD) simulation engine which has been created as a joint project between Oregon State University and the US&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/environmental-protection-agency" title="Learn more about Environmental Protection Agency from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages">Environmental Protection Agency</a>. It is designed around a modular implementation, and provides a standardized interface for interacting with spatially explicit data while still supporting the standard SD model components. OME can be run as a standalone simulation or as a plugin to a larger simulation framework, and is capable of importing Models from several SD model formats, including Simile model files, Vensim model files, and the XMILE interchange format. While it has been released, OME is still under development, and a number of potential future improvements are discussed. To help illustrate the utility of OME, an example model design process is provided as an Appendix.</p>
1 aWingo, Patrick1 aBrookes, Allen1 aBolte, John  uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364815216308453https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1364815216308453?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1364815216308453?httpAccept=text/plain01649nas a2200121   4500008004100000245019000041210006900231300000800300490002200308520114300330100001801473856003601491       2017                        eng d00aUsing an individual based model to evaluate the effects of climate change on the reproductive phenology of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) along a latitudinal gradient (master’s thesis).0 aUsing an individual based model to evaluate the effects of clima  a2530 vMaster of Science3 a<p>I explored the effects of climate change on the reproductive biology of the clonal<br />
marine angiosperm Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) using an individual-based model.<br />
The model captures whole plant ontogeny, morphology, and ecophysiology from seed<br />
to reproductive adult to simulate the plasticity of eelgrass in response to<br />
environmental variables. Using a latitudinal gradient as a proxy for climate change,<br />
virtual seeding experiments were performed in three locations along the East coast of<br />
the United States. I simulated the impacts of increased temperatures on Z. marina&rsquo;s<br />
biomass, reproductive phenology, and life history. Warmer temperatures resulted in a<br />
modeled decrease of Z. marina&rsquo;s total biomass, as well as altered reproductive timing<br />
and strategy. These results have implications for long term predictions of Z. marina<br />
persistence in its traditional biogeographic range, and indicate adaptation via shifts in<br />
phenology and reproductive strategy may interact to dampen some negative<br />
consequences of increased temperatures.</p>
1 aFoley, J., L.  u//www.simulistics.com/node/438800835nas a2200241   4500008004100000245009200041210006900133260001600202490000600218100001600224700002100240700001800261700001500279700001800294700001500312700001400327700001600341700001900357700001500376700001400391700001500405856017300420       2016                        eng d00aIntermediate tree cover can maximize groundwater recharge in the seasonally dry tropics0 aIntermediate tree cover can maximize groundwater recharge in the  cJan-04-20160 v61 aIlstedt, U.1 aTobella, Bargu?s1 aBazi?, H., R.1 aBayala, J.1 aVerbeeten, E.1 aNyberg, G.1 aSanou, J.1 aBenegas, L.1 aMurdiyarso, D.1 aLaudon, H.1 aSheil, D.1 aMalmer, A.  uhttp://www.nature.com/articles/srep21930http://www.nature.com/articles/srep21930.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/srep21930.pdfhttp://www.nature.com/articles/srep2193002521nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001300041245013700054210006900191260001600260300001200276490000800288520177600296100002402072700002202096700002002118700002102138700002802159700002602187700002302213856006702236       2016                        eng d  a0304380000aLandscape-scale simulation experiments test Romanian and Swiss management guidelines for mountain pasture-woodland habitat diversity0 aLandscapescale simulation experiments test Romanian and Swiss ma  cJan-06-2016  a41 - 490 v3303 a<p>Distinct guidelines have been proposed in Romania and Switzerland for the management of pasture-woodlands that either focused on the regulation of grazing pressure (Romanian production perspective) or overall tree cover (Swiss conservation perspective). However, the landscape structural diversity and the cover of forest-grassland ecotones, which are both crucial for nature conservation value, were not explicitly considered.<br />
<br />
We aimed to compare the country-specific management guidelines regarding their efficiency for the conservation of the structurally diverse forest-grassland mosaics in the light of recent land-use and climate change.<br />
<br />
In strategic simulation experiments using the process-based model of pasture-woodland ecosystems WoodPaM, we analyzed the relationships among drivers for the formation of mosaic patterns (grazing intensity, climate change) and the resulting landscape properties (tree cover, forest-grassland ecotones, mosaic structure) during the past until today (2000 AD).<br />
<br />
The results showed that tree canopy densification following recent climate warming is likely to trigger landscape structural shifts. Medium grazing pressure promoted the development of the full range of pasture-woodland habitats and is therefore confirmed as a management strategy that balances agronomic demands and nature conservation value. Tree cover is rejected as a criteria to monitor pasture-woodland conservation status, because its relationship to landscape structural diversity and to the cover of forest-grassland ecotones did not hold for changing climate.<br />
<br />
Our results suggest &ldquo;experimental-retrospective&rdquo; analysis as a useful tool to test conclusions from expert knowledge.</p>
1 aPeringer, Alexander1 aGillet, François1 aRosenthal, Gert1 aStoicescu, Ioana1 aPătru-Stupariu, Ileana1 aStupariu, Mihai-Sorin1 aButtler, Alexandre  uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S030438001630079501250nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245013200055210006900187260001600256300001400272490000700286520052500293100002400818700002300842700002100865700002600886700002000912700002300932700002200955856005500977       2016                        eng d  a0921-297300aMulti-scale feedbacks between tree regeneration traits and herbivore behavior explain the structure of pasture-woodland mosaics0 aMultiscale feedbacks between tree regeneration traits and herbiv  cJan-05-2016  a913 - 9270 v313 a<p>The pasture-woodlands of Central Europe are low-intensity grazing systems in which the structural richness of dynamic forest-grassland mosaics is causal for their high biodiversity. Distinct mosaic patterns in Picea abies- and Fagus sylvatica-dominated pasture-woodlands in the Swiss Jura Mountains suggest a strong influence of tree species regeneration ecology on landscape structural properties. At the landscape scale, however, cause-effect relationships are complicated by habitat selectivity of livestock.</p>
1 aPeringer, Alexander1 aSchulze, Kiowa, A.1 aStupariu, Ileana1 aStupariu, Mihai-Sorin1 aRosenthal, Gert1 aButtler, Alexandre1 aGillet, François  uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10980-015-0308-z00675nas a2200169   4500008003900000022001300039245014100052210006900193260001200262300001400274490000800288100002200296700002100318700002000339700001900359856012700378       2015                          d  a0025326X00aInforming Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) with numerical modelling: A case-study on shellfish aquaculture in Malpeque Bay (Eastern Canada)0 aInforming Marine Spatial Planning MSP with numerical modelling A  c11/2015  a200 - 2160 v1001 aFilgueira, Ramón1 aGuyondet, Thomas1 aBacher, Cédric1 aComeau, Luc, A  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/informing-marine-spatial-planning-msp-numerical-modelling-case-study-shellfish-aquacult02003nas a2200181   4500008003900000022001300039245013200052210006900184260001200253300001200265490000700277520134100284100002001625700001501645700001701660700001701677856012701694       2015                          d  a2212041600aThe Multiscale Integrated Model of Ecosystem Services (MIMES): Simulating the interactions of coupled human and natural systems0 aMultiscale Integrated Model of Ecosystem Services MIMES Simulati  c04/2015  a30 - 410 v123 aIn coupled human and natural systems ecosystem services form the link between ecosystem function and what humans want and need from their surroundings. Interactions between natural and human components are bidirectional and define the dynamics of the total system. Here we describe the MIMES, an analytical framework designed to assess the dynamics associated with ecosystem service function and human activities. MIMES integrate diverse types of knowledge and elucidate how benefits from ecosystem services are gained and lost. In MIMES, users formalize how materials are transformed between natural, human, built, and social capitals. This information is synthesized within a systems model to forecast ecosystem services and human-use dynamics under alternative scenarios. The MIMES requires that multiple ecological and human dynamics be specified, and that outputs may be understood through different temporal and spatial lenses to assess the effects of different actions in the short and long term and at different spatial scales. Here we describe how MIMES methodologies were developed in association with three case studies: a global application, a watershed model, and a marine application. We discuss the advantages and disadvantage of the MIMES approach and compare it to other broadly used ecosystem service assessment tools.1 aBoumans, Roelof1 aRoman, Joe1 aAltman, Irit1 aKaufman, Les  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/multiscale-integrated-model-ecosystem-services-mimes-simulating-interactions-coupled-hu02071nas a2200181   4500008003900000022001300039245013400052210006900186260001200255300001200267490000800279520141300287100001701700700001601717700001601733700001301749856012701762       2014                          d  a0924796300aA fully-spatial ecosystem-DEB model of oyster (Crassostrea virginica) carrying capacity in the Richibucto Estuary, Eastern Canada0 afullyspatial ecosystemDEB model of oyster Crassostrea virginica   c08/2014  a42 - 540 v1363 aThe success of shellfish aquaculture as well as its sustainability relies on adjusting the cultured biomass to local
ecosystem characteristics. Oyster filter-feeding activity can control phytoplankton concentration, reaching severe
depletion in extreme situations, which can threaten ecological sustainability. A better understanding of oyster–
phytoplankton interaction can be achieved by constructing ecosystem models. In this study, a fully-spatial hydro-
dynamic biogeochemical model has been constructed for the Richibucto Estuary in order to explore oyster carry-
ing capacity. The biogeochemical model was based on a classical nutrient–phytoplankton–zooplankton–detritus
(NPZD) approach with the addition of a Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) model of Crassostrea virginica. Natural
variation of chlorophyll was used as a benchmark to define a sustainability threshold based on a resilience frame-
work. Scenario building was applied to explore carrying capacity of the system. However, the complex geomor-
phology of the Richibucto Estuary and the associated heterogeneity in water residence time, which is integral in
estuarine functioning, indicate that the carrying capacity assessment must be specific for each area of the system.
The model outcomes suggest that water residence time plays a key role in carrying capacity estimations through
its influence on ecological resistance.1 aFilgueira, R1 aGuyondet, T1 aComeau, L A1 aGrant, J  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/fully-spatial-ecosystem-deb-model-oyster-crassostrea-virginica-carrying-capacity-richib02509nas a2200145   4500008003900000245012100039210006900160300001400229490000700243520199900250100002202249700001502271700002002286856005702306       2014                          d00aImplementation of marine spatial planning in shellfish aquaculture management: modeling studies in a Norwegian fjord0 aImplementation of marine spatial planning in shellfish aquacultu  a832–8430 v243 aShellfish carrying capacity is determined by the interaction of a cultured species
with its ecosystem, which is strongly influenced by hydrodynamics. Water circulation controls
the exchange of matter between farms and the adjacent areas, which in turn establishes the
nutrient supply that supports phytoplankton populations. The complexity of water circulation
makes necessary the use of hydrodynamic models with detailed spatial resolution in carrying
capacity estimations. This detailed spatial resolution also allows for the study of processes that
depend on specific spatial arrangements, e.g., the most suitable location to place farms, which
is crucial for marine spatial planning, and consequently for decision support systems. In the
present study, a fully spatial physical-biogeochemical model has been combined with scenario
building and optimization techniques as a proof of concept of the use of ecosystem modeling
as an objective tool to inform marine spatial planning. The object of this exercise was to
generate objective knowledge based on an ecosystem approach to establish new mussel
aquaculture areas in a Norwegian fjord. Scenario building was used to determine the best
location of a pump that can be used to bring nutrient-rich deep waters to the euphotic layer,
increasing primary production, and consequently, carrying capacity for mussel cultivation. In
addition, an optimization tool, parameter estimation (PEST), was applied to the optimal
location and mussel standing stock biomass that maximize production, according to a
preestablished carrying capacity criterion. Optimization tools allow us to make rational and
transparent decisions to solve a well-defined question, decisions that are essential for policy
makers. The outcomes of combining ecosystem models with scenario building and
optimization facilitate planning based on an ecosystem approach, highlighting the capabilities
of ecosystem modeling as a tool for marine spatial planning.1 aFilgueira, Ramón1 aGrant, Jon1 aStrand, Øivind  uhttp://www.esajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1890/13-0479.102611nas a2200277   4500008003900000022001400039245008700053210006900140520178500209100001401994700001402008700001202022700001402034700001402048700001502062700001402077700001402091700001602105700001402121700001302135700001602148700002002164700001802184700001602202856011502218       2014                          d  a1091-649000aMultiscale digital Arabidopsis predicts individual organ and whole-organism growth0 aMultiscale digital Arabidopsis predicts individual organ and who3 aUnderstanding how dynamic molecular networks affect whole-organism physiology, analogous to mapping genotype to phenotype, remains a key challenge in biology. Quantitative models that represent processes at multiple scales and link understanding from several research domains can help to tackle this problem. Such integrated models are more common in crop science and ecophysiology than in the research communities that elucidate molecular networks. Several laboratories have modeled particular aspects of growth in Arabidopsis thaliana, but it was unclear whether these existing models could productively be combined. We test this approach by constructing a multiscale model of Arabidopsis rosette growth. Four existing models were integrated with minimal parameter modification (leaf water content and one flowering parameter used measured data). The resulting framework model links genetic regulation and biochemical dynamics to events at the organ and whole-plant levels, helping to understand the combined effects of endogenous and environmental regulators on Arabidopsis growth. The framework model was validated and tested with metabolic, physiological, and biomass data from two laboratories, for five photoperiods, three accessions, and a transgenic line, highlighting the plasticity of plant growth strategies. The model was extended to include stochastic development. Model simulations gave insight into the developmental control of leaf production and provided a quantitative explanation for the pleiotropic developmental phenotype caused by overexpression of miR156, which was an open question. Modular, multiscale models, assembling knowledge from systems biology to ecophysiology, will help to understand and to engineer plant behavior from the genome to the field.1 aChew, Y H1 aWenden, B1 aFlis, A1 aMengin, V1 aTaylor, J1 aDavey, C L1 aTindal, C1 aThomas, H1 aOugham, H J1 aReffye, P1 aStitt, M1 aWilliams, M1 aMuetzelfeldt, R1 aHalliday, K J1 aMillar, A J  uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/early/2014/08/27/1410238111.full.pdf+html?sid=66edb45d-8e99-4d84-a072-a47729a65e1402609nas a2200181   4500008003900000022001300039245009100052210006900143260001200212300001400224490000700238520204900245100001702294700001602311700001602327700001302343856007102356       2014                          d  a1470160X00aPhysiological indices as indicators of ecosystem status in shellfish aquaculture sites0 aPhysiological indices as indicators of ecosystem status in shell  c04/2014  a134 - 1430 v393 aThe filtration activity of cultured mussels may exert a strong control on phytoplankton populations. Given that phytoplankton constitutes the base of marine food webs, carrying capacity in shellfish aquaculture sites has been commonly studied in terms of phytoplankton depletion. However, spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton concentration in coastal areas present a methodological constraint for using phytoplankton depletion as an indicator in monitoring programs, and necessitates intensive field campaigns. The main goal of this study is to explore the potential of different bivalve performance indices for use as alternatives to phytoplankton depletion as cost-effective indicators of carrying capacity. For that, a fully spatial hydrodynamic–biogeochemical coupled model of Tracadie Bay, an intensive mussel culture embayment located in Prince of Edward Island (Canada), has been constructed and scenario building has been used to explore the relationship between phytoplankton depletion and bivalve performance. Our underlying premise is that overstocking of bivalves leads to increased competition for food resources, i.e. phytoplankton, which may ultimately have a significant effect on bivalve growth rate and performance. Following this working hypothesis, the relationships among bay-scale phytoplankton depletion and three bivalve physiological indices, one static, condition index, and two dynamic, tissue mass and shell length growth rates, have been simulated. These three metrics present methodological advantages compared to phytoplankton depletion for incorporation into monitoring programs. Although significant correlations among phytoplankton depletion and the three physiological indices have been observed, shell length growth rate is shown as the most sensitive indicator of carrying capacity, followed by tissue mass growth rate and then by condition index. These results demonstrate the potentiality of using bivalve physiological measurements in monitoring programs as indicators of ecosystem status.1 aFilgueira, R1 aGuyondet, T1 aComeau, L A1 aGrant, J  uhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X1300496201899nas a2200157   4500008003900000245009200039210006900131260001200200300001400212520131800226100002201544700002101566700001901587700001501606856012001621       2014                          d00aStorm-induced changes in coastal geomorphology control estuarine secondary productivity0 aStorminduced changes in coastal geomorphology control estuarine   c01/2014  an/a - n/a3 aEstuarine ecosystems are highly sensitive not only to projected effects of climate change such as ocean warming, acidification, and sea-level rise but also to the incidence of nor'easter storms and hurricanes. The effects of storms and hurricanes can be extreme, with immediate impact on coastal geomorphology and water circulation, which is integral to estuarine function and consequently to provision of ecosystem services. In this article, we present the results of a natural estuarine-scale experiment on the effects of changes in coastal geomorphology on hydrodynamics and aquaculture production. A bay in Prince Edward Island, Canada, was altered when a nor'easter storm eroded a second tidal inlet through a barrier island. Previous field and modeling studies allowed a comparison of prestorm and post-storm circulation, food limitation by cultured mussels, and aquaculture harvest. Dramatic increases in mussel production occurred in the year following the opening of the new inlet. Model studies showed that post-storm circulation reduced food limitation for cultured mussels, allowing greater growth. Climate change is expected to have severe effects on the delivery of marine ecosystem services to human populations by changing the underlying physical-biological coupling inherent to their functioning.1 aFilgueira, Ramón1 aGuyondet, Thomas1 aComeau, Luc, A1 aGrant, Jon  uhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013EF000145/abstract;jsessionid=DBD0FB7B2443BD9C9D658F85A42F41FD.f04t0401946nas a2200157   4500008003900000245011100039210006900150300001200219490000600231520143500237100001701672700001301689700001401702700001501716856005701731       2013                          d00aEcosystem modelling for ecosystem-based management of bivalve aquaculture sites in data‑poor environment0 aEcosystem modelling for ecosystembased management of bivalve aqu  a117-1330 v43 aAlthough models of carrying capacity have been around for some time, their use in aquaculture management has been limited. This is partially due to the cost involved in generating and testing the models. However, the use of more generic and flexible models could facilitate the implementation of modelling in management. We have built a generic core for coupling biogeochemical and hydrodynamic models using Simile (www.simulistics.com), a visual simulation environment software that is well-suited to accommodate fully spatial models. Specifically, Simile integrates PEST (model-independent parameter estimation, Watermark Numerical Computing, www.pesthomepage.org), an optimization tool that uses the Gauss-Marquardt-Levenberg algorithm and can be used to estimate the value of a parameter, or set of parameters, in order to minimize the discrepancies between the model results and a dataset chosen by the user. The other critical aspect of modelling exercises is the large amount of data necessary to set up, tune and groundtruth the ecosystem model. However, ecoinformatics and improvements in remote sensing procedures have facilitated acquisition of these datasets, even in data-poor environments. In this paper we describe the required datasets and stages of model development necessary to build a biogeochemical model that can be used as a decision-making tool for bivalve aquaculture management in data-poor environments.1 aFilgueira, R1 aGrant, J1 aStuart, R1 aBrown, M S  uhttp://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v4/n2/p117-133/00386nas a2200085   4500008003900000245009800039210007000137100001900207856007400226       2013                          d00aEin Ansatz zur räumlich- dynamischen Modellierung am Beispiel der Tereskenernte im Ostpamir 0 aEin Ansatz zur räumlich dynamischen Modellierung am Beispiel der1 aHOHBERG, Georg  uhttp://gispoint.de/fileadmin/user_upload/paper_gis_open/537533033.pdf00507nas a2200145   4500008003900000245008700039210007100126300001000197490000600207100002200213700001500235700002000250700002000270856007100290       2012                          d00aA physical–biogeochemical coupling scheme for modeling marine coastal ecosystems0 aphysical–biogeochemical coupling scheme for modeling marine coas  a71-800 v71 aFilgueira, Ramón1 aGrant, Jon1 aBacher, Cédric1 aCarreau, Michel  uhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S157495411100097500792nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001300041245013900054210006900193260001600262300001200278490001000290100001300300700001400313700001600327700001400343700002000357856023300377       2012                        eng d  a1364815200aUncovering land-use dynamics driven by human decision-making – A combined model approach using cellular automata and system dynamics0 aUncovering landuse dynamics driven by human decisionmaking A com  cJan-01-2012  a71 - 820 v27-281 aLauf, S.1 aHaase, D.1 aHostert, P.1 aLakes, T.1 aKleinschmit, B.  uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364815211002039https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1364815211002039?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1364815211002039?httpAccept=text/plain00435nas a2200085   4500008003900000245009300039210006900132110003100201856011700232       2011                          d00aAn assessment of the Economics, Implementation and Modelling of Universal MRSA Screening0 aassessment of the Economics Implementation and Modelling of Univ1 aHealth Protection Scotland  uhttp://www.documents.hps.scot.nhs.uk/hai/mrsa-screening/pathfinder-programme/mrsa-pathfinder-vol2-2011-02-23.pdf00675nas a2200145   4500008004100000022001300041245009300054210006900147260001600216300001100232490000800243100002500251700002000276856023300296       2011                        eng d  a0022169400aSpatiotemporal dynamics of landscape pattern and hydrologic process in watershed systems0 aSpatiotemporal dynamics of landscape pattern and hydrologic proc  cJan-06-2011  a1 - 120 v4041 aRandhir, Timothy, O.1 aTsvetkova, Olga  uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022169411001880https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022169411001880?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022169411001880?httpAccept=text/plain01466nas a2200109   4500008003900000245010000039210006900139520099100208100002101199700001501220856012101235       2009                          d00aA Box Model for Ecosystem-Level Management of Mussel Culture Carrying Capacity in a Coastal Bay0 aBox Model for EcosystemLevel Management of Mussel Culture Carryi3 a<p>The carrying capacity of shellfish aquaculture is determined by the interaction of cultured species with the ecosystem, particularly food availability to suspension feeders. A multiple box dynamic ecosystem model was constructed to examine the carrying capacity for mussel (Mytilus edulis) aquaculture in Tracadie Bay, Prince of Edward Island, Canada. Criteria for carrying capacity were based on chlorophyll concentration. The model was run in two different years (1998 and 1999) in which time series for three points inside the bay and a point outside the bay were available. This data set allows spatial validation of the ecosystem model and assessment of its sensitivity to changes in boundary conditions. The model validation process indicated that the differential equations and parameters used in the simulation provided robust prediction of the ecological dynamics within the bay. Results verified that mussel biomass exerts top-down control of phytoplankton populations.</p>1 aFilgueira, Ramon1 aGrant, Jon  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/box-model-ecosystem-level-management-mussel-culture-carrying-capacity-coastal-bay08328nas a2200145   4500008003900000245008900039210006900128260002600197300001000223490000700233520784400240100002008084700002008104856005808124       2009                          d00aModeling the soil system: Bridging the gap between pedology and soil–water physics0 aModeling the soil system Bridging the gap between pedology and s  bElsevier B.Vc05/2009  a51-610 v673 a<p>&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; line-height: 18px; ">The biological and geochemical processes in soil such as organic matter mineralization, microbiological activity, and plant alimentation can be accurately assessed and modeled only with the knowledge of the thermodynamic status of the soil medium where these processes take place. However, current soil water models do not define and characterize the soil structure or the thermodynamic state of the soil water interacting with this structure. This article presents a new paradigm in characterizing and&nbsp;<a name="hit2" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); "></a><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;_user=10&amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;_alid=917157004&amp;_rdoc=5&amp;_fmt=high&amp;_orig=search&amp;_cdi=5996&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;view=c&amp;_ct=367&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit1" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/prevterm.gif" alt="previous term" title="previous term" width="7" height="11" border="0" style="font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; " /></a><span class="hit" style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; ">modeling</span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;_user=10&amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;_alid=917157004&amp;_rdoc=5&amp;_fmt=high&amp;_orig=search&amp;_cdi=5996&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;view=c&amp;_ct=367&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit3" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/nextterm.gif" alt="next term" title="next term" width="7" height="11" border="0" style="font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; " /></a>&nbsp;the organized soil medium and the physical properties resulting from this organization. It describes a framework of the&nbsp;<a name="hit3" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); "></a><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;_user=10&amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;_alid=917157004&amp;_rdoc=5&amp;_fmt=high&amp;_orig=search&amp;_cdi=5996&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;view=c&amp;_ct=367&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit2" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/prevterm.gif" alt="previous term" title="previous term" width="7" height="11" border="0" style="font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; " /></a><span class="hit" style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; ">modeling</span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;_user=10&amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;_alid=917157004&amp;_rdoc=5&amp;_fmt=high&amp;_orig=search&amp;_cdi=5996&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;view=c&amp;_ct=367&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit4" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/nextterm.gif" alt="next term" title="next term" width="7" height="11" border="0" style="font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; " /></a>&nbsp;approach as a contribution to the General Systems theory. The basic concept of Representative Elementary Volume (REV) in soil physics and hydrology was transformed into the concept of Structure Representative Volume (SREV) which takes into account the hierarchical organization of the structured soil medium. The pedostructure is defined as the SREV of the soil medium and this concept is at the basis of the new paradigm including variables, equations, parameters, and units in soil physics, in a similar way that the REV is at the basis of the continuous porous media mechanics applied to soils. The paradigm allows for a thermodynamic characterization of the structured soil medium with respect to soil water content then bridging the gap between pedology and soil physics. We show that the two points of view (REV and SREV) are complementary and must be used in the scaling of information. This approach leads to a new dimension in soil&ndash;water properties characterization that ensures a physically based&nbsp;<a name="hit4" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); "></a><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;_user=10&amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;_alid=917157004&amp;_rdoc=5&amp;_fmt=high&amp;_orig=search&amp;_cdi=5996&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;view=c&amp;_ct=367&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit3" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/prevterm.gif" alt="previous term" title="previous term" width="7" height="11" border="0" style="font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; " /></a><span class="hit" style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; ">modeling</span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;_user=10&amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;_alid=917157004&amp;_rdoc=5&amp;_fmt=high&amp;_orig=search&amp;_cdi=5996&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;view=c&amp;_ct=367&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit5" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/nextterm.gif" alt="next term" title="next term" width="7" height="11" border="0" style="font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; " /></a>&nbsp;of processes in soil and the transfer of information from the physical scale of processes (pedostructure or laboratory measurements scale) to the application scale of the other disciplines (<a name="hit5" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); "></a><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;_user=10&amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;_alid=917157004&amp;_rdoc=5&amp;_fmt=high&amp;_orig=search&amp;_cdi=5996&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;view=c&amp;_ct=367&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit4" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/prevterm.gif" alt="previous term" title="previous term" width="7" height="11" border="0" style="font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; " /></a><span class="hit" style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; ">modeling</span><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6VF0-4V94X09-3&amp;_user=10&amp;_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2009&amp;_alid=917157004&amp;_rdoc=5&amp;_fmt=high&amp;_orig=search&amp;_cdi=5996&amp;_sort=d&amp;_docanchor=&amp;view=c&amp;_ct=367&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=64052ee8ed7a03778c1fbd30ceab1ad2#hit6" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/sci_dir/nextterm.gif" alt="next term" title="next term" width="7" height="11" border="0" style="font-size: 1em; font-family: arial, verdana, helvetica, sans-serif; " /></a>&nbsp;and mapping scale).</span></p>1 aBraudeaua, Erik1 aMohtar, Rabi, H  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.12.002    03051nas a2200133   4500008003900000245008400039210006900123300001400192490000600206520257100212100005802783700001402841856006202855       2009                          d00aA multi-scale ''soil water structure'' model based on the pedostructure concept0 amultiscale soil water structure model based on the pedostructure  a1111-11630 v63 a<p>&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; ">Current soil water models do not take into account the internal organization of the soil medium and, a fortiori, the physical interaction between the water film surrounding the solid particles of the soil structure, and the surface charges of this structure. In that sense they empirically deal with the physical soil properties that are all generated from this soil water-structure interaction. As a result, the thermodynamic state of the soil water medium, which constitutes the local physical conditions, namely the pedo-climate, for biological and geo-chemical processes in soil, is not defined in these models. The omission of soil structure from soil characterization and modeling does not allow for coupling disciplinary models for these processes with soil water models. This article presents a soil water structure model, Kamel<sup>&reg;</sup>, which was developed based on a new paradigm in soil physics where the hierarchical soil structure is taken into account allowing for defining its thermodynamic properties. After a review of soil physics principles which forms the basis of the paradigm, we describe the basic relationships and functionality of the model. Kamel<sup>&reg;</sup>&nbsp;runs with a set of 15 soil input parameters, the pedohydral parameters, which are parameters of the physically-based equations of four soil characteristic curves that can be measured in the laboratory. For cases where some of these parameters are not available, we show how to estimate these parameters from commonly available soil information using published pedotransfer functions. A published field experimental study on the dynamics of the soil moisture profile following a pounded infiltration rainfall event was used as an example to demonstrate soil characterization and Kamel<sup>&reg;</sup>&nbsp;simulations. The simulated soil moisture profile for a period of 60 days showed very good agreement with experimental field data. Simulations using input data calculated from soil texture and pedotransfer functions were also generated and compared to simulations of the more ideal characterization. The later comparison illustrates how Kamel<sup>&reg;</sup>&nbsp;can be used and adapt to any case of soil data availability. As physically based model on soil structure, it may be used as a standard reference to evaluate other soil-water models and also pedotransfer functions at a given location or agronomical situation.</span></p>1 aBraudeau, Mohtar El Ghezal Crayol Salahat, R H    N  1 aMartin, P  uhttp://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/6/1111/2009/00319nas a2200073   4500008003900000245006800039210006800107856007000175       2009                          d00aNHS Scotland MRSA Screening Pathfinder Programme Interim Report0 aNHS Scotland MRSA Screening Pathfinder Programme Interim Report  uwww.hps.scot.nhs.uk/haiic/sshaip/publicationsdetail.aspx?id=4092503363nas a2200445   4500008003900000020001800039245010000057210006900157260001400226300001200240490000600252520204200258653005002300653002902350653002202379653002102401653002502422100001702447700001702464700002102481700001602502700002202518700001702540700001802557700001302575700001702588700001602605700001402621700001602635700001402651700001702665700001602682700001502698700001302713700001702726700001602743700001702759700001402776856012702790       2008                          d  a978008056886700aChapter Seven Integrated Modelling Frameworks for Environmental Assessment and Decision Support0 aChapter Seven Integrated Modelling Frameworks for Environmental   b Elsevier  a101-1180 v33 a<p>In this chapter we investigate the motivation behind the development of modelling frameworks that explicitly target the environmental domain. Despite many commercial and industrial-strength frameworks being available, we claim that there is a definite niche for environmental-specific frameworks. We first introduce a general definition of what is an environmental integrated modelling framework, leading to an outline of the requirements for a generic software architecture for such frameworks. This identifies the need for a knowledge layer to support the modelling layer and an experimentation layer to support the execution of models.</p>
<p>The chapter then focuses on the themes of knowledge representation, model management and model execution. We advocate that appropriate knowledge representation and management tools can facilitate model integration and linking. We stress that a model development process adhering to industry standards and good practices, called &ldquo;model engineering,&rdquo; is to be pursued. We focus on the requirements of the experimental frame, which can ensure transparency and traceability in the execution of simulation scenarios and optimisation problems associated with complex integrated assessment studies.</p>
<p>A promising trend for knowledge representation is the use of ontologies that have the capacity to elicit the meaning of knowledge in a manner that is logical, consistent and understandable by computers and the knowledge worker community. This new path in knowledge-based computing will support retention of institutional knowledge, while putting modelling back in the hands of modellers. Environmental modelling will then become a conceptual activity, focusing on model design rather than model implementation, with code generation being delegated to some degree to ontology-aware tools. In this respect, we envision the whole model lifecycle to change drastically, becoming more of a theoretical activity and less of a coding-intensive, highly engineering-oriented task.</p>10aenvironmental integrated modelling frameworks10aknowledge representation10amodel engineering10amodel management10amodelling frameworks1 aRizzoli, A E1 aLeavesley, G1 aII, Ascough, J C1 aArgent, R M1 aAthanasiadis, I N1 aBrilhante, V1 aClaeys, F H A1 aDavid, O1 aDonatelli, M1 aGijsbers, P1 aHavlik, D1 aKassahun, A1 aKrause, P1 aQuinn, N W T1 aScholten, H1 aSojda, R S1 aVilla, F1 aJakeman, A J1 aVoinov, A A1 aRizzoli, A E1 aChen, S H  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/chapter-seven-integrated-modelling-frameworks-environmental-assessment-and-decision-sup00709nas a2200205   4500008003900000245009900039210006900138100002000207700002500227700002500252700002400277700002600301700001800327700002100345700001800366700002200384700002300406700002000429856005400449       2008                          d00aCONCEPT MAPS FOR COMBINING HARD AND SOFT SYSTEM THINKING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SOCIO-ECOSYSTEMS0 aCONCEPT MAPS FOR COMBINING HARD AND SOFT SYSTEM THINKING IN THE 1 aSalerno, Franco1 aCuccillato, Emanuele1 aMuetzelfeldt, Robert1 aGiannino, Francesco1 aBajracharya, Birendra1 aCaroli, Paolo1 aViviano, Gaetano1 aStaiano, Anna1 aFabrizio Cartenì1 aMazzoleni, Stefano1 aTartari, Gianni  uhttp://cmc.ihmc.us/cmc2008papers/cmc2008-p190.pdf01794nas a2200229   4500008003900000245012200039210006900161260001200230300001300242490000700255520108800262653001101350653001401361653001601375653001501391653002101406653001701427100002101444700002201465700002101487856005601508       2008                          d00aThe effect of vegetation on pesticide dissipation from ponded treatment wetlands: Quantification using a simple model0 aeffect of vegetation on pesticide dissipation from ponded treatm  c07/2008  a999-10050 v723 a<p>Field data shows that plants accelerate pesticide dissipation from aquatic systems by increasing sedimentation, biofilm contact and photolysis. In this study, a graphical model was constructed and calibrated with site-specific and supplementary data to describe the loss of two pesticides, endosulfan and fluometuron, from a vegetated and a non-vegetated pond. In the model, the major processes responsible for endosulfan dissipation were alkaline hydrolysis and sedimentation, with the former process being reduced by vegetation and the latter enhanced. Fluometuron dissipation resulted primarily from biofilm reaction and photolysis, both of which were increased by vegetation. Here, greater photolysis under vegetation arose from faster sedimentation and increased light penetration, despite shading. Management options for employing constructed wetlands to polish pesticide-contaminated agricultural runoff are discussed. The lack of easily fulfilled sub-models and data describing the effect of aquatic vegetation on water chemistry and sedimentation is also highlighted.</p>10aCotton10aHerbicide10aInsecticide10aMacrophyte10aPhytoremediation10aRunoff water1 aRose, Michael, T1 aCrossan, Angus, N1 aKennedy, Ivan, R  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.04.05903699nas a2200193   4500008003900000245016300039210006900202260001200271300001400283490000800297520302600305653001403331653002603345653002003371653002303391653001903414100001903433856005303452       2008                          d00aModelling the impacts of various thinning intensities on tree growth and survival in a mixed species eucalypt forest in central Gippsland, Victoria, Australia0 aModelling the impacts of various thinning intensities on tree gr  c12/2008  a2007-20170 v2563 a<p>The response of tree survival and diameter growth to thinning treatments was examined over 29 years, in various thinning treatments established in a 21-year-old even-aged mixed species regenerating forest in Victoria, Australia. The treatments were control, crown release, strip thinning and three different intensities of thinning from below (light, moderate, and heavy). Each treatment was replicated three times in a complete randomised design. Logistic and multilevel regression analyses showed that tree survival, growth and thinning response (change of tree growth due to a thinning treatment) were functions of tree species, size, age, removed and remaining competition, as well as time since the treatment. Mean annual tree diameter growth in unthinned stands was highest for <i>Eucalyptus sieberi</i> L. Johnson (1.9&nbsp;mm) followed by <i>Eucalyptus baxteri</i> (Benth.) Maiden &amp; Blakely ex J. Black (1.6&nbsp;mm), and lowest for both <i>Eucalyptus consideniana</i> (Maiden) and <i>Eucalyptus radiata</i> (Sieber ex DC) combined (0.7&nbsp;mm). Diameter growth increased with tree size for both <i>E. sieberi</i> and <i>E. baxteri</i>, but not for <i>E. consideniana</i> and <i>E. radiata</i>. Smaller trees were more likely to die due to shading and suppression than their larger counterparts. A mortality model suggested, however, that both shading and suppression had very little effect on trees in both <i>E. consideniana</i> and <i>E. radiata</i> species, which were less likely to die compared to trees in the other species. This result indicates that both <i>E. consideniana</i> and <i>E. radiata</i> species may be relatively shade tolerant compared with the other species. Total thinning response was a sum of positive (increased growing space) and negative (thinning stress) effects. Following thinning, smaller trees showed signs of thinning stress for the first one or two years, after which the highest percentage thinning response was observed. While larger trees were initially less responsive to thinning, the rate of decrease in the response for subsequent years was greater in smaller trees than larger ones. The average amount of thinning response showed similar trends to diameter growth increasing from <i>E. sieberi</i> (1.7&nbsp;mm) through <i>E. baxteri</i> (0.6&nbsp;mm) to both <i>E. consideniana</i> and <i>E. radiata</i> (0.5&nbsp;mm). This translates into low average percentage thinning response in <i>E. baxteri</i> (34%), twice as much in both <i>E. consideniana</i> and <i>E. radiata</i> (69%) and highest overall percentage response in <i>E. sieberi</i> (87%). Thinning response and the duration of this response appeared to increase with thinning intensity and was still evident 29 years after thinning. Heavy thinning did, however, reduce the number of trees to a severely under-stocked condition, which prohibited optimum site occupancy, requiring 29 years of post-thinning development for the heavily thinned stands to regain their pre-thinning stand basal area.</p>10aAustralia10aDiameter distribution10aDiameter growth10aThinning intensity10aTree mortality1 aKariuki, Maina  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.07.035  01972nas a2200229   4500008003900000245005400039210005400093260001200147300001200159490000700171520127800178653003601456653001801492653001601510653001501526100002301541700002401564700002901588700002201617700001701639856008601656       2008                          d00aSemantic links in integrated modelling frameworks0 aSemantic links in integrated modelling frameworks  c07/2008  a412-4230 v783 a<p>It is commonly accepted that modelling frameworks offer a powerful tool for modellers, researchers and decision makers, since they allow the management, re-use and integration of mathematical models from various disciplines and at different spatial and temporal scales. However, the actual re-usability of models depends on a number of factors such as the accessibility of the source code, the compatibility of different binary platforms, and often it is left to the modellers own discipline and responsibility to structure a complex model in such a way that it is decomposed in smaller re-usable sub-components. What reusable and interchangeable means is also somewhat vague; although several approaches to build modelling frameworks have been developed, little attention has been dedicated to the intrinsic re-usability of components, in particular between different modelling frameworks. In this paper, we focus on how models can be linked together to build complex integrated models. We stress that even if a model component interface is clear and reusable from a software standpoint, this is not a sufficient condition for reusing a component across different integrated modelling frameworks. This reveals the need for adding rich semantics in model interfaces.</p>10aIntegrated modelling frameworks10aModel linking10aModel reuse10aOntologies1 aRizzoli, Andrea, E1 aDonatelli, Marcello1 aAthanasiadis, Ioannis, N1 aVilla, Ferdinando1 aHuber, David  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/semantic-links-integrated-modelling-frameworks01479nas a2200121   4500008003900000245007700039210006900116300000700185490000700192520102900199100002201228856010701250       2008                          d00aA spatiotemporal model of shifting cultivation and forest cover dynamics0 aspatiotemporal model of shifting cultivation and forest cover dy  a280 v133 a<p>Sustainable use of humid forest resources as a source of fertile land for cultivation requires long periods of fallow and the ability to move the zone of active cultivation from one location to another over time. At the individual field level, shifting cultivation is essentially a resource extraction problem akin to a pulse fishery &ndash; a short period of intensive use of the stock of soil fertility followed by a long idle period permitting regeneration. This paper describes a spatiotemporal model of resource extraction adapted to the use of forest resources by shifting cultivators. Theoretically grounded in the spatial and household modelling literature, it is a structural simulation model of household decision-making, and includes a demonstration of the conceptwith a limited data set from southern Cameroon. Use of a stated preference approach to modelling decision-making identifies individual preferences and spatial path-dependency as important sources of shortened fallows and resource degradation.</p>1 aBrown, Douglas, R  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/spatiotemporal-model-shifting-cultivation-and-forest-cover-dynamics00614nas a2200157   4500008003900000245011000039210006900149260001500218653002000233653002600253653001500279653003000294653001800324100004500342856006900387       2008                          d00aSystem Dynamics Modelling: A Tool for Participatory Simulation of Complex Water Systems within AquaStress0 aSystem Dynamics Modelling A Tool for Participatory Simulation of  c07/07/200810aDecision making10aParticipatory process10aSimulation10aSystem Dynamics Modelling10aWater Systems1 aL. S. Vamvakeridou-Lyroudiaa, Savic, D A  uhttp://centres.exeter.ac.uk/cws/downloads/cat_view/43-aquastress01761nam a2200133   4500008003900000020001900039245005800058210005800116260001900174300000800193520131500201100002201516856008901538       2008                          d  a978-012372583700aSystems Science and Modeling for Ecological Economics0 aSystems Science and Modeling for Ecological Economics  bAcademic Press  a4323 a<p>Modeling is a key component to sciences from mathematics to life  science, including environmental and ecological studies. By looking at  the underlying concepts of the software, we can make sure that we build  mathematically feasible models and that we get the most out of the data  and information that we have. This book shows how models can be analyzed  using simple math and software to generate meaningful qualitative  descriptions of system dynamics. This book shows that even without a  full analytical, mathematically rigorous analysis of the equations,  there may be ways to derive some qualitative understanding of general  behavior of a system. By relating some of the modeling approaches and  systems theory to real world examples the book illustrates how these  approaches can help understand concepts such as sustainability, peak  oil, adaptive management, optimal harvest and other practical  applications.                                      <br />
<br />
* Relates modeling approaches and systems theory to real world examples <br />
* Teaches students to build mathematically feasible models and get the most of our the data and information available<br />
* Wide range of applications in hydrology, population dynamics, market cycles, sustainability theory, management, and more</p>1 aVoinov, Alexey, A  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/systems-science-and-modeling-ecological-economics02788nas a2200265   4500008003900000245013300039210006900172260001100241300001200252490000800264520188500272653001602157653002202173653002002195653002102215653001202236100001502248700002402263700002402287700002002311700002002331700002602351700001802377856012702395       2007                          d00aA box model of carrying capacity for suspended mussel aquaculture in Lagune de la Grande-Entrée, Iles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec 0 abox model of carrying capacity for suspended mussel aquaculture   c1/2007  a193-2060 v2003 a<p>An object-oriented model of environment&ndash;mussel aquaculture interactions and mussel carrying-capacity within Lagune de la Grande-Entr&eacute;e (GEL), Iles-de-la-Madeleine, Qu&eacute;bec, was constructed to assist in development of sustainable mussel culture in this region. A multiple box ecosystem model for GEL tied to the output of a hydrodynamic model was constructed using Simile software, which has inherent ability to represent spatial elements and specify water exchange between modelled regions. Mussel growth and other field data were used for model validation. Plackett&ndash;Burman sensitivity analysis demonstrated that a variety of bioenergetic parameters of zooplankton and phytoplankton submodels were important in model outcomes. Model results demonstrated that mussel aquaculture can be further developed throughout the lagoon. At present culture densities, phytoplankton depletion is minimal, and there is little food limitation of mussel growth. Results indicated that increased stocking density of mussels in the existing farm will lead to decreased mass per individual mussel. Depending on the location of new farm emplacement within the lagoon, implementation of new aquaculture sites either reduced mussel growth in the existing farm due to depletion of phytoplankton, or exhibited minimum negative impact on the existing farm. With development throughout GEL, an excess of phytoplankton was observed during the year in all modelled regions, even at stocking densities as high as 20&nbsp;mussels&nbsp;m<sup>&minus;3</sup>. Although mussels cultured at this density do not substantially impact the ecosystem, their growth is controlled by the flux of phytoplankton food and abundance of zooplankton competitors. This model provides an effective tool to examine expansion of shellfish farming to new areas, balancing culture location and density.</p>10aAquaculture10aCarrying-capacity10aEcosystem model10aMagdalen Islands10aMussels1 aGrant, Jon1 aCurran, Kristian, J1 aGuyondet, Thomas, L1 aTita, Guglielmo1 aBacher, Cédric1 aKoutitonsky, Vladimir1 aDowd, Michael  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/box-model-carrying-capacity-suspended-mussel-aquaculture-lagune-de-la-grande-entr-e-ile00781nas a2200241   4500008003900000022001000039245010700049210006900156100001500225700001600240700001300256700001600269700001400285700001300299700001300312700001800325700001600343700001600359700002100375700001200396700001400408856011700422       2007                          d  aHTA 900aThe clinical and cost effectiveness of screening for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)0 aclinical and cost effectiveness of screening for meticillinresis1 aK, Ritchie1 aI, Bradbury1 aJ, Craig1 aJ, Eastgate1 aL, Foster1 aH, Kohli1 aK, Iqbal1 aK, MacPherson1 aT, McCarthy1 aH, McIntosh1 aE, Nic Lochlainn1 aM, Reid1 aJ, Taylor  uhttp://www.healthcareimprovementscotland.org/his/idoc.ashx?docid=4cd58ffa-afdb-45bb-b0d5-22782b3f327d&version=-102378nas a2200169   4500008003900000245009300039210006900132260001200201300001200213490000700225520179800232653000902030653001502039653003102054100001702085856010602102       2007                          d00aThe EROI of U.S. offshore energy extraction: A net energy analysis of the Gulf of Mexico0 aEROI of US offshore energy extraction A net energy analysis of t  c08/2007  a355-3640 v633 a<p>In 2004, the U.S. Department of the Interior's Minerals Management Service estimated that 49% of the oil and 57% of the natural gas yet to be discovered offshore in the United States are located in the Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf region. While the existence of these energy resources is critical to the nation's future economic well being, of equal importance is the amount of already extracted energy that will be required to deliver the new fuel to society in a useful form. The difference between the two energy quantities is the net supply. In many respects, net energy is the most relevant measure of fuel supply because it represents the energy available to produce final-demand economic goods and services. Unfortunately, there currently exists no standard procedure for determining net energy, and so the data are extremely limited and inconsistent. In this paper, we present an &ldquo;energy return on investment&rdquo;, or &ldquo;EROI&rdquo;-based approach. EROI is defined as the ratio of gross energy produced by an energy supply process to the total, direct plus indirect, energy cost of its production. If the EROI of an energy supply process is known, then it's net energy output can be derived easily given gross production data. Below, we specify an empirical computer model programmed to simulate the productivity dynamics of offshore energy extraction in the Gulf of Mexico and estimate the EROI of the &quot;offshore process&quot; over a twenty-year period (1985&ndash;2004). At the conclusion of the simulation, the model calculates the EROI of the process to range from 10 to 25, depending on how energy costs have been defined. In comparison, it has been estimated that the EROI of U.S. domestic petroleum extraction in the 1930s was approximately 100.</p>10aEROI10aNet energy10aOffshore energy extraction1 aGately, Mark  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/eroi-us-offshore-energy-extraction-net-energy-analysis-gulf-mexico01633nas a2200229   4500008003900000245011300039210006900152260001300221300001000234490000700244520085700251653002001108653002501128653001501153653001301168653001801181653001301199653002301212100002101235700002001256856012701276       2007                          d00aEvaluation and comparison of models and modelling tools simulating nitrogen processes in treatment wetlands 0 aEvaluation and comparison of models and modelling tools simulati  bElsevier  a26-490 v163 a<p>In this paper, two ecological models of nitrogen processes in treatment wetlands have been evaluated and compared. These models were implemented, simulated, and visualized using the Modelica modelling and simulation language [P. Fritzson, Principles of Object-Oriented Modelling and Simulation with Modelica 2.1 (Wiley-IEEE Press, USA, 2004).] and an associated tool. The differences and similarities between the MathModelica Model Editor and three other ecological modelling tools have also been evaluated. The results show that the models can well be modelled and simulated in the MathModelica Model Editor, and that nitrogen decrease in a constructed treatment wetland should be described and simulated using the Nitrification/Denitrification model as this model has the highest overall quality score and provides a more variable environment.</p>10aDenitrification10aEcological modelling10aEvaluation10aModelica10aNitrification10aNitrogen10aTreatment wetlands1 aEdelfeldt, Stina1 aFritzson, Peter  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/evaluation-and-comparison-models-and-modelling-tools-simulating-nitrogen-processes-trea00567nas a2200133   4500008003900000245013400039210006900173260001200242300001300254490000700267100001600274700001600290856012700306       2006                          d00aCorrigendum to “It was an artefact not the result: A note on systems dynamic” [Environ. Model. Softw. 20 (2005) 1543–1548] 0 aCorrigendum to It was an artefact not the result A note on syste  c05/2006  a756-758 0 v211 aSeppelta, R1 aRichterb, O  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/corrigendum-it-was-artefact-not-result-note-systems-dynamic-environ-model-softw-20-200502591nas a2200205   4500008003900000245013100039210006900170260002200239300001200261490000700273520181500280653002402095653002002119653001602139653002502155653002902180653002702209100002202236856012702258       2006                          d00aPersonal preferences and intensification of land use: their impact on southern Cameroonian slash-and-burn agroforestry systems0 aPersonal preferences and intensification of land use their impac  bSpringerc03/2006  a53–670 v683 a<p>Where long forest-fallows are no longer practiced, productivity declines in the absence of input substitution, as does the ability of subsistence farmers to earn an adequate livelihood from shifting cultivation. Land availability, population density and productivity-related factors such as soil fertility and labour requirements are not the only factors that affect fallow length and land use intensification in shifting cultivation agroforestry systems. Households surveyed indicated that various other decision criteria (e.g., proximity to other fields and the protection of land use rights) are important in land use decisions. Even though one quarter of households reported insufficient land resources to maintain soil fertility, few actually indicated that their choices were constrained by land availability. In fact, many cleared much younger fallows than strictly necessary based on the age of fallows available in their land holdings &ndash; even those with fallows of sufficient age to maintain long-term productivity. This paper outlines an approach to quantify information about the household preferences that influence land use decisions, discusses the implications of these decision criteria for land use intensification and uses them to model household decision-making in a way that effectively simulates the spatial and dynamic mosaic of land use characteristic of shifting cultivation. Not only are non-productivity related decision criteria important in land use decisions in general; they also have a significant impact on land use intensification. In fact, the research described here demonstrates that both household-specific preferences and household-specific initial conditions can lead to intensification of land use apart from that arising due to increasing population density.</p>10aHousehold modelling10aIntensification10aPreferences10aShifting cultivation10aSpatiotemporal modelling10aSustainable forest use1 aBrown, Douglas, R  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/personal-preferences-and-intensification-land-use-their-impact-southern-cameroonian-sla00961nam a2200145   4500008003900000020001900039245008300058210006900141260001400210520046600224100001900690700001700709700002100726856006800747       2006                          d  a978-184407384900aRealizing Community Futures: A Practical Guide to Harnessing Natural Resources0 aRealizing Community Futures A Practical Guide to Harnessing Natu  bEarthScan3 a<p>Through an easy-to-read narrative style and using real examples from Africa and Asia, this revolutionary book--part argument for the limitless power of human imagination and part practical manual for turning visions into reality--explains how to use a process of participatory modelling&quot; to structure people&rsquo;s learning and understanding of the natural systems they depend upon and how this can lead to better social and environmental outcomes.</p>1 aVanclay, Jerry1 aPrabhu, Ravi1 aSinclair, Fergus  uhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/realizingfutures/_ref/home/index.htm01575nas a2200217   4500008003900000245012600039210006900165300001200234490000800246520073600254653001100990653004101001653001501042653003101057653001801088653003901106653001101145653001101156100006301167856012701230       2006                          d00aSpatially-explicit competition indices and the analysis of mixed-species plantings with the Simile modelling environment 0 aSpatiallyexplicit competition indices and the analysis of mixeds  a295-3020 v2333 a<p>Individual-based modelling and analysis of forest experiments has been made more accessible to researchers with the advent of modelling environments like Simile from www.<span class="hit">simulistics.</span>com. Individual-based analyses of tree growth data offer insights not possible with plot-based analyses, especially when the original experimental design has been compromised by mortality or other unforeseen events. The paper illustrates how Simile can be used for individual-based analyses of mixed plantings, and how it can be used to explore the consequences of the resulting statistical models. A mixed-species planting of <i>Eucalyptus pellita</i> and <i>Acacia peregrina</i> is used to illustrate possibilities.</p>10aAcacia10aDistance-dependent competition index10aEucalyptus10aIndividual-based modelling10aMixed-species10aPowersim; Stella; Systems dynamics10aSimile10aVensim1 aInformation, Jerome VanclayCorresponding Author Contact, K  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/spatially-explicit-competition-indices-and-analysis-mixed-species-plantings-simile-mode02003nas a2200253   4500008003900000245009500039210006900134260001200203300001400215490000700229520119300236653005301429653001501482653001101497653001901508653001501527653002601542653001101568653001101579653001801590100001501608700001501623856011101638       2005                          d00a“It was an artefact not the result”: A note on systems dynamic model development tools0 aIt was an artefact not the result A note on systems dynamic mode  c12/2005  a1543-15480 v203 a<p>Environmental modelling is done more and more by practising ecologists rather than computer scientists or mathematicians. This is because there is a broad spectrum of development tools available that allows graphical coding of complex models of dynamic systems and help to abstract from the mathematical issues of the modelled system and the related numerical problems for estimating solutions. In this contribution, we study how different modelling tools treat a test system, a highly non-linear predator&ndash;prey model, and how the numerical solutions vary. We can show that solutions (a) differ if different development tools are chosen but the same numerical procedure is selected; (b) depend on undocumented implementation details; (c) vary even for the same tool but for different versions; and (d) are generated but with no notifications on numerical problems even if these could be identified. We conclude that improved documentation of numeric methods used in the modelling software is essential to make sure that process based models formulated in terms of these modelling packages do not become &ldquo;black box&rdquo; models due to uncertainty in integration methods.</p>10aLotka-Volterra equation; Predator-prey modelling10aMATEMATICA10aMATLAB10aModel analysis10aMODELMAKER10aNumerical ODE solvers10aSimile10aSTELLA10aStiff systems1 aSeppelt, R1 aRichter, O  u//www.simulistics.com/publications/it-was-artefact-not-result-note-systems-dynamic-model-development-tools02257nas a2200133   4500008004100000245007500041210006900116260001600185300001400201490000600215520183200221100002202053856004802075       2003                        eng d00aCamFlores: A FLORES-type model for the humid forest margin in Cameroon0 aCamFlores A FLOREStype model for the humid forest margin in Came  c2003/05/07/  a211 - 2230 v23 aAbstract&nbsp;&nbsp;A FLORES-type model in the Simile modelling environment is being developed for three villages in the Humid Forest Benchmark area of southern Cameroon. The modelling project seeks to investigate the effects of introduction of new crop varieties and
 improved farming systems on the long-term maintenance of stable mosaics of forest and agriculture, within the context of the
 international Alternatives to Slash and Burn programme. Biophysical data have been collated, and socio-econnomic and tenure
 data have been acquired in spatially-explicit ways. Maps of land-cover at village and benchmark scale are being prepared from
 detailed and semi-detailed satellite imagery, using a nested legend system that allows linking of maps at different scales.
 These data enable the initial construction and parameterisation of the model, and will permit the extrapolation of the results
 of modelling from the villages to the benchmark, and ultimately to the whole of the Congo Basin humid forests. The prototype
 version of the model involves 10 households and about 500 land patches, and includes the three agricultural systems dominant
 in the southern more forested portion of the Benchmark (mixed food-fallow systems, forest melon fields, cocoa plantations)
 with no rental, sale or other transfer of land. Decision-making at the household level is essentially modelled deterministically,
 and labour productivity is assumed to be constant between households. This model is now complete, and once it has been adjusted
 and suitably parameterised, it will be applied to real data from the three test villages. This will require the addition of
 new farming systems, the introduction of modes of permanent or temporary transfer of land, and modification of the decision
 model to render it more realistic.
ER  -
1 aLegg, Christopher  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11842-003-0016-400503nam a2200157   4500008003900000020001900039245006200058210006100120260001000181300000800191653002800199653000800227100002100235700001900256856007000275       2003                          d  a978-047149618200aEnvironmental Modelling: Finding Simplicity in Complexity0 aEnvironmental Modelling Finding Simplicity in Complexity  bWiley  a43010aenvironmental modelling10aGIS1 aWainwright, John1 aMulligan, Mark  uhttp://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471496189.html01878nas a2200181   4500008003900000245004500039210004000084300001300124490000700137520137300144653002601517653001401543653002601557653001101583100002201594700001701616856006301633       2003                          d00aThe Simile visual modelling environment.0 aSimile visual modelling environment  a345-358 0 v183 a<p>Simile is a visual modelling environment that has been developed to overcome the problems involved in implementing agro-ecological simulation models using conventional programming languages: problems such as the effort and skill needed to program the models, the lack of transparency in models implemented as programs, and the lack of reuseability of models and submodels. It combines the familiar System Dynamics (compartment-flow) paradigm with an object-based paradigm, allowing many forms of disaggregation to be handled, as well as spatial modelling and individual-based modelling. Its visual modelling interface makes it accessible to non-programmers, at the same time allowing models to be largely self-documenting. Models can be run very efficiently as compiled C++ programs, and users can develop new visualisation tools for displaying model results. Simile has been used in international research programmes, including the modelling of Mediterranean vegetation dynamics and modelling the interaction between households and land at the forest margin in developing countries. Simile has been developed in a spirit of open standards for model sharing. Models are saved as a text file in a structured format, with a view to enable model sharing with other modelling environments and to encourage others to develop additional tools for working with models.</p>10aDeclarative modelling10aModelling10aModelling environment10aSimile1 aMuetzelfeldt, R I1 aMassheder, J  uhttp://www.simulistics.com/files/documents/SimilePaper.pdf